西藏那曲地区牦牛新孢子虫病血清学调查与分析

Serological Investigation and Analysis of Neosporosis in Yaks in Naqu Region, Tibet

中文关键词: 新孢子虫  血清学调查  牦牛  ELISA 双抗体夹心法  西藏那曲地区

英文关键词: Neospora caninum  serological investigation  yak  ELISA double antibody sandwich method  Naqu region,Tibet

中文摘要:

      为了解西藏那曲地区牦牛新孢子虫病流行情况，采用 ELISA 双抗体夹心法检测那曲市聂荣县、嘉黎县牦牛血清样品 214 份，对不同地区、性别和年龄段的牦牛新孢子虫血清检测阳性情况进行统计分析。结果显示，牦牛新孢子虫血清抗体总阳性率为 25.70%，其中聂荣县牦牛新孢子虫血清抗体阳性率为 28.95%，嘉黎县为 22.00%；公牦牛和母牦牛新孢子虫血清抗体阳性率分别为 26.47% 和 25.00%；3 岁以下、3~6 岁和 6 岁以上 3 个年龄段牦牛新孢子虫血清抗体阳性率分别为 24.00%、28.38% 和 26.67%；不同地区、性别和年龄段之间新孢子虫血清抗体阳性率差异均不显著（ P>0.05）。上述结果表明西藏那曲地区牦牛群中存在新孢子虫感染，且可能存在一定的流行隐患，建议通过加强家犬管控、规范处置家畜流产物、做好监测和检疫以及科学饲养管理等措施进行防控。

英文摘要:

      To understand the prevalence of Neospora caninum infection in yaks in Naqu, Tibet, a double antibody sandwich ELISA method was used to detect 214 serum samples from yaks in Nierong County and Jiali County of Naqu City. Statistical analysis was conducted on the seropositivity of N.caninum among yaks from different regions, genders, and age groups. The results showed an overall seroprevalence rate of 25.70% for N.caninum antibodies. Specifically, the seropositivity rates were 28.95% in Nierong County and 22.00% in Jiali County. The seropositivity rates for male and female yaks were 26.47% and 25.00%, respectively. Among age groups, the seropositivity rates were 24.00% for yaks under 3 years old, 28.38% for those aged 3-6 years, and 26.67% for those over 6 years old. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in seroprevalence across regions, genders, or age groups. These findings indicate that N.caninum infection exists in yak populations in the Naqu region, posing potential epidemiological risks. Preventive measures are recommended, including enhanced management of domestic dogs, proper disposal of livestock abortions, improved monitoring and quarantine protocols, and implementation of scientific feeding practices.