返饲技术对牛冠状病毒感染性犊牛腹泻的防控效果评价

Evaluation of the Preventive and Control Effect of Back-Feeding Technology on Calf Diarrhea Caused by Bovine Coronavirus Infection

中文关键词: 犊牛腹泻  返饲试验  牛冠状病毒  防控效果

英文关键词: calf diarrhea  back-feeding test  bovine coronavirus  prevention and control effect

中文摘要:

      研究旨在探究返饲技术对犊牛流行性腹泻的防控效果。通过对新疆某牛场犊牛腹泻病例的跟踪，采集病料进行病原检测，确定主要病原为牛冠状病毒（BCov）。随后对怀孕母牛饲喂含有冠状病毒的粪料混合物，进行返饲操作，观察返饲母牛体征、犊牛存活率与腹泻发病率，并检测母牛初乳抗体水平。结果表明，返饲技术可显著提高犊牛存活率，与对照组相比提高了 40%，犊牛腹泻率降低了 50%。与未经返饲母牛相比，返饲母牛初乳中的牛冠状病毒 IgA 抗体水平提高了 3~15 倍。表明返饲技术能有效提升犊牛对 BCoV 的免疫保护，提高初乳中抗体水平，减少新生犊牛腹泻率，在犊牛腹泻防控方面具有积极意义。

英文摘要:

      This study aimed to explore the preventive and control effects of backfeeding technology on calf epidemic diarrhea. Through tracking the cases of calf diarrhea at a cattle farm in Xinjiang, pathogen samples were collected for pathogen detection, and the main pathogen was bovine coronavirus (BCov). Subsequently, pregnant cows were fed with a mixture of feces containing coronavirus to carry out backfeeding operations. The body signs of the backfed cows, the survival rate of calves, and the incidence of calf diarrhea were observed, and the levels of bovine coronavirus IgA antibodies in colostrum were detected. The results showed that backfeeding significantly increased the survival rate of calves by 40% compared to the control group, and the incidence of calf diarrhea decreased by 50%. Compared with non-backfed cows, the levels of bovine coronavirus IgA antibodies in colostrum of backfed cows were 3 to 15 times higher. Backfeeding technology can effectively enhance the immune protection of calves against BCov, increase the antibody levels in colostrum, and reduce the incidence of diarrhea in newborn calves, which has positive significance in the prevention and control of calf diarrhea.