安格斯及其杂交组合犊牛断奶体重研究初报

Research Report on Weaning Weight of Angus and Its Crossbred Calves

中文关键词: 关键词：安格斯牛  杂交组合  断奶重  日增重

英文关键词: Key words：Angus cattle  crossbreeding combination  weaning weight  daily gain

中文摘要:

      为探究云南德宏州热带地区不同肉牛品种杂交组合犊牛在哺乳期的生长速度，以 2021 年从澳大利亚引进的黑安格斯为基础母牛，用独龙牛、文山高峰牛、短角牛、云岭牛、日本和牛公牛进行杂交繁育，共产出 5 个杂交组合 F?犊牛 125 头，以 189 头安格斯本交犊牛为对照组，所有犊牛饲养到 6 月龄进行断奶称重，并计算平均日增重。结果表明，5 个杂交组合和对照犊牛断奶体重及生长速度各不相同，其中黑安格斯与独龙牛、文山高峰牛、短角牛、云岭牛、日本和牛杂交组合犊牛的断奶体重分别为（127.27±18.83）、（146.69±25.40）、（171.98±22.34）、（160.54±26.62）和（158.44±26.62）kg，平均日增重分别为（0.69±0.10）、（0.79±0.14）、（0.93±0.12）、（0.87±0.12）和（0.86±0.14）kg，对照犊牛断奶体重和平均日增重分别为（162.91±25.10）和（0.88±0.14）kg。只有短角牛与安格斯杂交牛的断奶体重和平均日增重高于对照组犊牛，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；独龙牛、文山高峰牛与安格斯杂交牛的断奶体重和平均日增重均显著低于对照组犊牛（P≤0.05）。

英文摘要:

      Abstract：In order to investigate the growth rate of different beef cattle breeds during the lactation period in Dehong Yunnan, this study investigated a total of 125 F? calves of 5 hybrid combinations were produced by crossing Australian imported Black Angus in 2021 with Dulong cattle, Wenshan Peak cattle, Shorthorn cattle, Yunling cattle, and Japanese Wagyu bulls, meanwhile 189 purebred Angus calves used as the control group. All calves were carefully weaned at the age of 6 months for weighing and calculating average daily gain. The results showed that the weaning weight and growth rate of the 5 hybrid combinations and the calves were different from each other. The weaning weights of the calves crossed with Dulong cattle, Wenshan Peak cattle, Shorthorn cattle, Yunling, and Japanese Wagyu were (127.27±18.83), (146.69±25.40), (171.98±22.34), (160.54±26.62), and (158.44±26.62) kg, respectively, and the average daily gains were (0.69±0.10), (0.79±0.14), (0.93±0.12), (0.87±0.12), and (0.86±0.14) kg, respectively. The weaning weight and average daily gain of the control calves were (162.91±25.10) and (0.88±0.14) kg. Among the hybrid combinations, only the weaning weight and average daily gain of the Shorthorn cattle crossed with Angus were higher than the control, though differences were not statistically significant (P0.05). In contrast, calves from Angus × Dulong and Angus × Wenshan Peak crosses showed significantly lower growth performance than controls (P≤0.05). These findings provide insights into optimizing breed combinations for beef production in the region.