红原县牦牛矿物质元素及维生素盈缺状态的调查研究

Investigation and Research on the Abundance and Deficiency Status of Mineral Elements in Yaks in Hongyuan County

中文关键词: 牦牛  微量元素  维生素  缺乏

英文关键词: Yak  Trace elements  Vitamins  Deficiency

中文摘要:

      通过测定牦牛全血中微量元素和血清中维生素的含量并进行分析从而了解红原县牦牛全血中微量元素和血清中维生素的盈缺状态，选取红原县4-6岁无明显疾病的牦牛共60头，测定牦牛全血中微量元素铁、锰、钴、钼、铜、锌、硒和血清中维生素A、D2、D3、D、E、K1、K2含量，结果显示红原县所调查的60头牦牛全血中锰的平均含量为0.06mg/kg，钴的平均含量为0.002mg/kg，钼的平均含量为0.04mg/kg，铜的平均含量为0.49mg/kg，锌的平均含量为2mg/kg，铁的平均含量为551mg/kg，硒的平均含量为0.1mg/kg；维生素A的平均含量为428.64ng/mL、D2的平均含量为59.57ng/mL、D的平均含量为78.78ng/mL、E的平均含量为5.28μg/mL、K1的平均含量为1.37ng/mL、K2的平均含量为0.15ng/mL、D3的平均含量为19.2ng/mL，结果表明本次实验所调查的牦牛均存在锰、钴、铜、锌、以及维生素D3的缺乏，因此当地牧民应合理调配日粮，多投喂青绿蔬菜，补充相对缺乏的微量元素和维生素。

英文摘要:

      By measuring and analyzing the contents of trace elements in whole blood and vitamins in serum of yaks, the deficiency or sufficiency status of trace elements in whole blood and vitamins in serum of yaks in Hong yuan County was investigated. A total of 60 yaks aged 4–6 years without obvious diseases were selected from Hong yuan County, Sichuan Province. The contents of trace elements (iron, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, zinc, and selenium) in whole blood and the mass concentrations of vitamins (A, D2, D3, D, E, K1, and K2) in serum were determined. The results showed that the average contents of iron, manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, zinc, and selenium in the whole blood of the 60 investigated yaks were 551, 0.06, 0.002, 0.04, 0.49, 2, and 0.1 mg/kg, respectively. The contents of vitamins A, D2, D3, D, K1, and K2 in serum were 428.64, 59.57, 19.2, 78.78, 1.37, and 0.15 ng/mL, respectively, and the content of vitamin E was 5.28 μg/mL. These results indicated that the investigated yaks had deficiencies in manganese, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, zinc, and vitamin D3. Therefore, local herders should reasonably adjust the daily diet and feed more green vegetables to supplement the relatively deficient trace elements and vitamins.