奶牛初乳质量对后代犊牛被动免疫水平的影响

Effects of Initial Milk Quality of Cows on Passive Immune Level of Calves

中文关键词: 奶牛  初乳质量  免疫球蛋白  犊牛被动免疫

英文关键词: cattle  colostrum quality  immunoglobulin  passive immunity of calves

中文摘要:

      为探究奶牛初乳质量对犊牛被动免疫水平的影响,本研究在江苏某规模化牧场选择 了84头日龄、体况特征、产犊日期、饲养管理水 平等相近的头胎母牛为研究对象,采 集其初 乳后分别检测乳蛋白、乳脂、乳糖(Brix值)和免疫球蛋白等初乳质 量指标;初 乳饲喂犊牛 24h后采集其新鲜血液,检测血清中各免疫球蛋白水平;并对母牛初 乳各质量指标与犊牛血清中免疫球蛋白水平的相关性进行分析。 结果表明,初 乳中乳糖 Brix 值、IgA、IgG 对犊牛血 清中IgG 水平有显著影响,乳蛋白率、乳脂 率、乳 糖 Brix 值、IgA 对犊牛血清中IgM 水平有 显著影响,初乳中IgG、IgM 对犊牛血清中IgA 水平有显著影响;初 乳中IgG 水平与犊牛血 清中IgG 水平呈极显 著 正 相 关。 因 此,在 奶 牛 生 产 管 理 中,应 重 点 关 注 初 乳 质 量、饲 喂 时 间,确保犊牛及时有效采食初乳,以优化犊牛免疫保护,促进其健康生长。

英文摘要:

      In order to explore the impact of colostrum quality on the passive immunity level of calves, this study selected a total of 84 first-lactation cows with similar age, body condition, calving date and management level from a large-scale dairy farm in Jiangsu province as the research subjects. The colostrum was collected and the quality indicators such as milk protein, milk fat, lactose (Brix value) and immuno- globulin were detected. Twenty-four hours after feeding the colostrum to the calves, fresh blood was col- lected from the calves and the levels of various immunoglobulins in the serum were detected. The correla- tion between the quality indicators of colostrum and the levels of immunoglobulins in the serum of calves was analyzed. The results showed that the Brix value of lactose, IgA and IgG in colostrum had a significant effect on the level of IgG in the serum of calves, the milk protein rate, milk fat rate, Brix value of lactose and IgA had a significant effect on the level of IgM in the serum of calves, and IgG and IgM in colostrum had a significant effect on the level of IgA in the serum of calves. The level of IgG in colostrum was ex- tremely significantly positively correlated with the level of IgG in the serum of calves. Therefore, in the production management of dairy cows, attention should be paid to the quality of colostrum and the feeding time to ensure that calves can consume colostrum in a timely and effective manner, so as to optimize the im- mune protection of calves and promote their healthy growth.