不同月龄短角牛母牛生长发育规律分析

Analysis on Growth and Development Rules of Shorthorn Cows at Different Months of Age

中文关键词: 短角牛母牛  体重  体尺指标  回归分析  相关性分析

英文关键词: shorthorn cow  body weight  main body size indicators  regression analysis  correlation analysis

中文摘要:

      探究短角牛母牛体重与体尺性状的生长发育规律，为优化短角牛母牛的选育、饲养管理及推广利用提供理论依据，从而达到对该品种选育提高的目的。以113头短角牛母牛为研究对象，分别测定其初生、6月龄、12月龄、18月龄、24月龄5个生长阶段的体重及体高、十字部高、体斜长和胸围等体尺指标，进行相关性分析及线性回归分析，从而构建不同生长阶段体重的回归方程。结果表明，短角母牛体重、体高、十字部高、体斜长和胸围生长量均随着月龄的增长而增加,绝对生长速率和相对生长速率则随着月龄的增长而降低,说明短角牛母牛体重和体尺随着月龄增长而增加,但其生长强度和速度均在不断下降,表现为早期生长速度较快而后期生长速度缓慢,且在6月龄时达到生长高峰期。短角牛母牛各生长阶段体重与各体尺指标的回归关系均达到极显著水平(F＞F0.01)，其中6月龄、12月龄短角牛体重与体尺指标的多元线性回归方程拟合度较高(0.517≤r≤0.765)，18月龄和24月龄短角牛体重与体尺指标的多元线性回归方程拟合度偏低 (0.269≤r≤0.499)。短角牛母牛各阶段体重与十字部高、胸围指标之间均呈极显著正相关关系(P＜0.01)，其中体重与胸围的相关性最大，所以在进行短角牛选育时，任何生长阶段都可以将胸围作为最重要的参考指标。可以通过回归方程Y6=-209.097+3.092X4、Y12=-414.892+4.596X4、Y18=-102.939+2.963X4和Y24=-155.042+3.533X4(X4指胸围)，分别计算6、12、18、24月龄短角牛的体重

英文摘要:

      The purpose of this paper is to explore the growth and development rules of body weight and body size traits of shorthorn cows,and to provide theoretical bases for op timizingthe breeding,feeding management and promotion and utilization of short horn cows,so as to achieve the purpose of improving the breeding of this variety.In this study,113 shorthorn cows were used as the research object.The body weight and body height,cross height,body length and chest circumference were measured at five growth stages:birth,6 months,12 months,18 months,and 24 months.The correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were carried out to construct the regression equations of different growth stages.The results showed that the cumulative growth of body weight,body height,cross height,body length and chest circumference of short horn cows increased with the increase of month age,while the absolute growth and relative growth decreased with the increase of month age,indicating that the body weight and body size of short horn cows increased with the increase of month age,butthe growth intensity and speed decreased continuously,showing that the early growth speed was faster,the late growth speed was slow,and the growth peak was reached at 6 months of age.The regression relationship between body weight and body size indexes of shorthorn cows at each growth stage reached a very significant level (F>F0.01). The fitting degree of multiple linear regression equation between body weight and body size index of 6 month old and 12 month old shorthorn cattle was higher (0.517