新疆褐牛遗传多样性和母系遗传背景分析

The Analysis of Genetic Polymorphism and Maternal Genetic BackgroundOf XinJiang Brown Cattle

中文关键词: 新疆褐牛，线粒体DNA D-loop，系统发育

英文关键词: XinJiang Brown Cattle  mtDNA D-loop  phylogeny

中文摘要:

      [目的]为客观评价并挖掘新疆褐牛遗传资源和种质资源,开展了新疆褐牛及其杂交类群母系遗传背景和分子遗传特性研究。[方法]把新疆褐牛的mtDNA D-Loop区作为遗传标记位点,开展基因组DNA PCR扩增和测序；同时采用引进品种5个、中国地方黄牛品种6个,共计11个品种的mtDNA D-Loop区核苷酸序列作为对照,对核苷酸多态位点、单倍型数、核苷酸多样性等指标进行了分析研究,构建了系统发育树。[结果] A和T在新疆褐牛及其杂交类群mtDNA D-Loop区含量丰富, A、T、C、G的平均含量分别为32.74%、28.77%、24.70%和13.72%；C+G的平均含量(38.49%)显著低于A+T的平价含量(61.51%)；检测到89处多态位点中有25处为单一多态位点,63处多态位点为简约信息位点,界定了55种单倍型,新疆褐牛及杂交类群以及我国地方黄牛大多与欧洲普通牛、非洲瘤牛聚为一类。[结论]新疆褐牛及其杂交类群mtDNA D-Loop区核苷酸变异丰富,群体变异程度较高,新疆褐牛具有多元化的起源特点,具有普通牛和瘤牛两个遗传背景。

英文摘要:

      [Objective] In order to evaluate and excavate genetic resources and germplasm resources of XinJiang Brown Cattle,this study studied the genetic polymorphism and maternal genetic background of XinJiang Brown Cattle．[Method] PCR amplification and sequencing of genome DNA were conducted based on the marker sites within mtDNA D-Loop region．And further this study analyzed genetic polymorphism indexes,such as nucleotide polymorphism loci,nucleotide diversity and number of haplotype of the nucleotide sequence of mtDNA D-Loop of 8 indigenous yellow cattle species and 5 introduced species as control,and constructed phylogenetic tree．[Result] mtDNA D-Loop of XinJiang Brown Cattle and XinJiang Brown Cattle hybrid groups were rich in nucleotide A and T．The average contents of A, T, C and G were 32.74%, 28.77%, 24.70% and 13.72%, respectively. The average content of C+G (38.49%) was significantly lower than that of A+T (61.51%). A total of 89 polymorphic sites, 25 were single polymorphic sites and 63 were reduced information sites . Fifty-five haplotypes were defined . In China,most of indigenous yellow cattle were clustered into African zebu and Common European cattle,and a few was clustered into India zebu．[Conclusion] XinJiang Brown Cattle and XinJiang Brown Cattle hybrid groups were rich in nucleotides mutations and higher population variation degree．The origin of Xinjiang brown cattle is diversified.