西藏牦牛犊牛腹泻发病特征、病因分析及防治措施

Pathogenesis, Etiological Analysis and Prevention Measures of Diarrhea in Tibetan Yak calves

中文关键词: 西藏牦牛，犊牛腹泻，发病规律，病因分析，防治措施

英文关键词: Tibetan yak, calf diarrhea, pathogenesis, etiological analysis, prevention and control measures

中文摘要:

      牦牛作为高原特有的经济动物，在西藏具有重要的经济和文化价值。然而，牦牛养殖中犊牛腹泻是影响其生长和生产性能的常见疾病之一。本文聚焦西藏牦牛犊牛腹泻的发病特征和发病原因，深入分析了牦牛犊牛腹泻的流行病学特征、主要病因（包括病原体、营养和环境因素），提出了加强妊娠母牛饲喂、加强犊牛饲养管理、加强公共卫生预防、加强免疫接种、加强腹泻犊牛治疗等防治措施，以期为西藏牦牛健康成长和牦牛产业的高质量发展提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Yak is a unique economic animal in the plateau region, which has the characteristics of cold resistance, high altitude tolerance and strength, and is widely distributed in Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan and other places in China. Yak occupies an important position in the livelihood and production of local farmers and herdsmen in Tibet, and is an important resource for meat, milk, fur, and service [1]. In 2020, there were 5.22 million yaks in Tibet, an increase of 25.8% compared with 2015. However, a major problem in yak farming is calf diarrhoea, which poses a serious threat to the health and growth of calves, especially in the first few months of life. Diarrhea in yak calves is usually manifested by the discharge of pale yellow gruel-like stools or pale grayish-white watery feces, occasionally containing blood streaks, blood clots, mucus, and bubbles, accompanied by an unpleasant odor, and the body temperature of sick cattle rises to 41°C, loss of energy, loss of appetite or complete loss, and is widespread and widespread in Tibetan pastoral areas.