安格斯牛与6个不同肉牛品种的杂交效果研究

Preliminary Study on Fertility Performance and Birth Weight of Yangrui Cattle

中文关键词: 养瑞牛  杂交组合  初生重

英文关键词: Yangrui  crossbreeding combination  birth weight

中文摘要:

      摘要：为探索安格斯牛与不同肉牛品种的杂交效果，以引进澳大利亚黑安格斯母牛为基础，开展安格斯牛、云岭牛、和牛、短角牛、独龙牛和文山牛6个品种公牛进行杂交组合试验，配种比例1:30（公母比例为1:30）。结果表明，安格斯牛群繁殖力高，参配母牛337头，产犊牛314头，产犊率为93.17%，牛群犊牛成活率为99.91%，繁殖成活率为97.64%。其中安格斯牛初生重平均34.16±4.01 kg、短安杂F1 34.61±5.87 kg、云安杂F1 33.57±5.80 kg、云安杂F1 32.48±4.06 kg、文安杂F1 28.10±1.79 kg和独安杂F1 24.71±6.24 kg。黑安格斯与外来品种间的杂交效果很好，但初生重差异不显著（P>0.05）；而文安杂F1初生重明显低于引进肉牛品种的杂交后代（P<0.05），独安杂F1初生重极显著低于引进品种的杂交后代（P<0.01），显著低于文安杂F1（P<0.05）。本研究中初步揭示了安格斯牛不同杂交组合的效果，为将来育种提供了积极的科学参考。

英文摘要:

      Abstract: In order to explore the crossbreeding combination of beef cattle breeds in the hot areas, five combinations including of Wagyu cattle, Short-horn cattle, Yunling cattle, Wenshan cattle and Dulong cattle were crossbred based on the Black Angus cows introduced from Australia, of which the mating ratio was 1:30 (1 male: 30 female). The results showed that Angus cattle had high reproductive performance, and 314 calves yielded after 337 cows were planned to mate, with a calving rate of 93.17%. The survival rate of calves in the herd was 99.91%, and the reproductive survival rate was 97.64%. Among them, the average birth weight of Angus cattle 34.16±4.01 kg, while the birth weights of F1 hybrids of Short-horn × Angus, Yunling × Angus, Wagyu cattle× Angus, Wenshan cattle × Angus, Dulong cattle × Angus were 34.61±5.87 kg, 33.57±5.80 kg, 32.48±4.06 kg, 28.10±1.79 kg, and 24.71±6.24 kg, respectively. The hybridization effect of Black Angus crossbreed introduced breeds represented better, of which the birth weights among the crossbreeding combinations is not significant (P>0.05). But the F1 birth weight of Wenshan cattle × Angus was significantly lower than those of the introduced hybrids (P<0.05), and the F1 birth weight of Dulong cattle × Angus was extremely significantly lower than those of the introduced hybrid breed (P<0.01), and significantly lower than that of Wenshan cattle × Angus F1 (P<0.05). This study preliminarily revealed the crossbreeding effects of different combinations for Angus cattle, providing positive scientific references for future breeding.