不同饲养方式及福利化管理措施对关岭牛架子母牛生长发育的影响

Effects of different feeding methods and welfare management measures on the growth and development of Guanling cattle

中文关键词: 关岭牛  拴系饲养  散栏饲养  动物福利  生长发育

英文关键词: guanling cattle  chained feeding  scattered feeding  animal welfare  growth and development

中文摘要:

      为了研究舍饲条件下不同饲养方式及福利化管理措施对关岭牛架子母牛增重、生长和健康状况的影响。采用成组试验设计方法，将30头关岭牛架子母牛随机分为5组，即地板拴系饲养为对照组，地板散养为试验1组、地板散养+牛体刷为试验2组、发酵床散养为试验3组、发酵床散养+牛体刷为试验4组，每组6头，正试期120天，进行拴系饲养与散栏饲养不同饲养方式对比。结果表明，舍饲条件下，发酵床散养并安装牛体刷最有利于关岭牛增重，全期平均日增重较地板拴系饲养和地板散养提高了44.68%，显著高于试验2组和试验3组（P＜0.05）；试验4组体高、体斜长增幅最大，体高增幅明显高于其他处理组，体斜长增幅显著高于试验1组和试验3组（P<0.05）；同时，发酵床散养并安装牛体刷提高了动物福利，确保了牛只健康，改善了饲养环境。发酵床散养并安装牛体刷情况下，总体来说对关岭牛的饲养效果最为有利，既提高了养殖效益和健康水平，又保障了牛只动物福利，同时有效避免了环境污染。

英文摘要:

      In order to study the effects of different feeding methods and welfare management measures on the weight gain, growth and health status of Guanling cattle under the condition of barn feeding. Using the group design method, 30 Guanling cattle cows were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely, floor tethered breeding as the control group, floor free-range breeding as the experimental group 1, floor free-range breeding + cattle body brush as the experimental group 2, fermentation bed free-range breeding as the experimental group 3, fermentation bed free-range breeding + cattle body brush as the experimental group 4, with 6 cows in each group. The trial period was 120 days, and different feeding methods were compared between tethered breeding and free-range breeding. The results showed that under the condition of barn feeding, the fermentation bed free-range and the installation of cattle body brush were the most beneficial to the weight gain of Guanling cattle. The average daily weight gain during the whole period was 44.68 % higher than that of floor tethered feeding and floor free-range, which was significantly higher than that of test group 2 and test group 3（P＜0.05）. The body height and body oblique length of test group 4 increased the most, and the increase of body height was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups. The increase of body oblique length was significantly higher than that of test group 1 and test group 3（P<0.05）. At the same time, the fermentation bed and the installation of cattle brushes have improved animal welfare, ensured the health of cattle, and improved the breeding environment. In the case of free-range fermentation bed and installation of cattle brush, the overall feeding effect of Guanling cattle is the most favorable, which not only improves the breeding efficiency and health level, but also guarantees the welfare of cattle and animals, and effectively avoids environmental pollution.