新国标下如何提高种公牛冷冻精液生产效益

How to improve the production efficiency of frozen semen of breeding bulls under the new national standard

中文关键词: 新国标  种公牛  冷冻精液  调控措施  生产效益

英文关键词: new national standard  Breed bulls  Frozen semen  Control measures  Production benefit

中文摘要:

      2022年12月29日国家市场监督管理总局 国家标准化管理委员会发布了新的《牛冷冻精液》GB4143-2022代替了旧标准GB4143-2008,新标准于2024年1月1日实施。新标准对剂量、精子活力、前进运动精子数、精子畸形率、菌落总数技术指标进行了重新定义，其中计量、精子活力、菌落总数三项技术指标有所提高，整体上对冷冻精液的质量要求更加严格。为此，本文根据牛精子的生理特点，对影响种公牛冷冻精液的因素进行了简要分析，并结合新国标的技术要求，提出了如何提高种公牛冷冻精液生产效益的技术要点。通过对种公牛的品种选择与选育，种公牛的营养和饲养管理，种公牛的调教与精液采集，种公牛冷冻精液制作等关键方面调控与改进，以期提高种公牛的利用率，提高种公牛冷冻精液生产效益。

英文摘要:

      On December 29, 2022, the Standardization Administration of the State Administration for Market Regulation issued a new "Bovine Frozen Semen" GB4143-2022, replacing the old standard GB4143-2008, and the new standard was implemented on January 1, 2024. The new standard redefines the technical indicators of dose, sperm motility, number of advanced sperm, sperm malformation rate, and total number of colonies, among which the three technical indicators of metrology, sperm motility, and total number of colonies have been improved, and the quality requirements of frozen semen are stricter on the whole. In this paper, according to the physiological characteristics of bovine sperm, the factors affecting the frozen semen of breeding bulls were briefly analyzed, and combined with the technical requirements of the new national standard, the technical points of how to improve the production efficiency of frozen semen of breeding bulls were put forward. Through the selection and breeding of breeding bulls, the nutrition and feeding management of breeding bulls, the training and semen collection of breeding bulls, the production of frozen semen of breeding bulls and other key aspects of regulation and improvement, the utilization rate of breeding bulls and the production efficiency of frozen semen of breeding bulls are improved.