甘孜藏牛mtDNA 基因组遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of mtDNA genome in Ganzi Tibetan cattle

中文关键词: 甘孜藏牛  mtDNA基因组  遗传多样性  母系起源

英文关键词: Ganzi Tibetan cattle  mtDNA D-loop  genetic diversity  maternal origin

中文摘要:

      ［目的］探究甘孜藏牛的mtDNA基因组遗传多样性与母系起源。［方法］采用mtDNA全基因组序列比对及生物信息学方法。［结果］结果显示：在28头甘孜藏牛mtDNA 基因组中，共检测到1232个变异位点，确定了22种单倍型，其单倍型多样度（Hd）为0.98820±0.00010，核苷酸多样度（Pi）为0.02420±0.00003，表明甘孜藏牛具有丰富的母系遗传多样性。系统发育树和网络分布图表明，28头甘孜藏牛mtDNA基因组包括4种母系支系，分别为普通牛的T2、T3与T4支系，还有牦牛支系，其中T2支系占7.14%，T3支系占64.29%，T4支系占3.57%，牦牛支系占25 %。［结论］甘孜藏牛具有较丰富的母系遗传多样性，为普通牛母系起源，但与牦牛有杂交。

英文摘要:

      [Objective] This study aims to explore the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomic diversity and maternal origins of Ganzi Tibetan cattle. [Methods] We employed whole mtDNA genome sequencing and bioinformatics techniques for analysis. [Results] In the mtDNA genomes of 28 Ganzi Tibetan cattle, 1232 variable sites were detected, identifying 22 haplotypes. The haplotype diversity (Hd) was 0.98820±0.00010, and the nucleotide diversity (Pi) was 0.02420±0.00003, indicating a rich maternal genetic diversity among Ganzi Tibetan cattle. Phylogenetic trees and network diagrams show that the mtDNA genomes of the 28 Ganzi Tibetan cattle include four maternal lineages: T2, T3, and T4 lineages of domestic cattle and a yak lineage. The proportions of the T2, T3, T4, and yak lineages are 7.14%, 64.29%, 3.57%, and 25%, respectively. [Conclusion] Ganzi Tibetan cattle possess considerable maternal genetic diversity, originating from domestic cattle maternal lineages, but also show hybridization with yaks.