秦川牛mtDNA全基因组遗传多样性与母系起源研究

Genetic Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA Genome and Maternal Origins in Qinchuan cattle

中文关键词: 秦川牛  mtDNA全基因组  遗传多样性  母系起源

英文关键词: Qinchuan cattle  mtDNA genome  genetic diversity  maternal origin

中文摘要:

      [目的]从32头秦川牛全基因组中提取其mtDNA全基因组序列进行分析，以揭示秦川牛mtDNA基因组的遗传多样性与母系起源。[方法]采用mtDNA全基因组序列比对及生物信息学方法。[结果]在32头秦川牛mtDNA全基因组序列中，共检测到30种不同的单倍型，其平均单倍型多样度（Hd±SD）为0.996±0.009，其平均核苷酸多样度（π±SD）为0.0067±0.0010，表明秦川牛具有丰富的母系遗传多样性。构建的mtDNA全基因组系统发育树与单倍型网络图表明，32头秦川牛的mtDNA全基因组序列包括T2、T3、T4、I1共4个不同的支系，其中T2支系占21.88%，T3支系占40.625%，T4支系占9.375%，I1支系占28.125%。说明秦川牛具有普通牛和瘤牛两个支系，其中普通牛支系占71.88%，瘤牛支系占28.12%。[结论]秦川牛具有丰富的母系遗传多样性，有普通牛和瘤牛两个母系起源，但以普通牛起源为主。

英文摘要:

      [Objective] This study aimed to investigate the maternal origin and mitochondrial genome genetic diversity of Qinchuan cattle through the analysis of whole mitochondrial genome sequences from 32 Qinchuan cattle samples. [Methods] The study was conducted using mtDNA whole genome alignment and bioinformatics methods. [Results] Analysis revealed a total of 30 different haplotypes within the 32 mtDNA genome sequences of Qinchuan cattle. The average haplotype diversity (Hd ± SD) was 0.996 ± 0.009, and the average nucleotide diversity (π ± SD) was 0.0067 ± 0.0010, indicating significant maternal genetic diversity in Qinchuan cattle. Phylogenetic tree and haplotype network diagram construction identified four lineages (T2, T3, T4, and I1) among the mtDNA genome sequences, with lineage proportions of 21.88%, 40.625%, 9.375%, and 28.125%, respectively. Qinchuan cattle exhibited two main maternal origins, with Bos taurus representing 71.88% and Bos indicus at 28.12%. [Conclusion] This study concludes that Qinchuan cattle possess rich maternal genetic diversity, with two maternal origins of zebu and taurine cattle, albeit taurine cattle being the predominant origin.