不同公母比例下威宁牛原位保种群体遗传漂变的计算机模拟

Computer Simulation of Genetic Drift in the in-situ Conservation Population of Weining Cattle under Different Male-female Ratios

中文关键词: 公母比例  威宁牛  原位保种  遗传漂变  计算机模拟

英文关键词: Male-female ratio  Weining cattle  in-situ conservation  Genetic drift  Computer simulation

中文摘要:

      通过计算机模拟方法研究威宁牛原位保种群在假定实行随机留种、随机交配、世代不重叠、群体间个体无迁移、整个保种过程中基因不发生突变的情况下50个世代中不同公母比例对群体内等位基因频率和基因型频率的影响。结果表明：公母比例越大（1:99、1:49），由于世代间随机遗传漂变而导致的等位基因A1的频率达到极大值（A1=1.0000）被固定的世代就越早出现、基因型A1A1、A1A2、A2A2的频率达到极值（1或0）的世代数也越早，保种效果较差；公母比例越小（1:4、1:9、1:19），等位基因A1被固定、3种基因型频率达到极值（1或0）的风险就越低，保种效果也越好。

英文摘要:

      Computer simulation was used to study the change of allele frequency and genotype frequency in the in-situ conservation population of weining cattle under different male-female ratios among 50 generations, which assumed that there was no gene mutation and individual immigration between populations. Random selection and mating was implemented in all generations, the generation was non-overlapping. The results showed that the larger the ratio of male to female (1:99, 1:49), the earlier of the allele A1’s frequency reaches its maximum (A1=1.0000), and the generation of which the allele A1 was fixed appears earlier, and the same is that the generation of which the frequency of genotype A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 reaches its maximum or minimum(1 or 0) appears earlier due to the random genetic drift between generations, and the conservation effect is poorer; The smaller the male to female ratio (1:4, 1:9, 1:19), the lower the risk of allele A1 being fixed and the frequency of the three genotypes(A1A1、A1A2、A2A2) reaching the extreme (1 or 0), and the better the conservation effect.