不同发酵处理甘蔗渣在肉牛瘤胃中的降解特性研究

Study on the degradation characteristics of different fermented sugarcane bagasse in the rumen of beef cattle

中文关键词: 发酵甘蔗渣  瘤胃降解特性  肉牛

英文关键词: Fermented sugarcane bagasse  Rumen degradation characteristics  Beef cattle

中文摘要:

      本试验旨在研究不同发酵处理甘蔗渣在肉牛瘤胃中的降解特性。试验选择3头安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的西门塔尔杂交公牛为试验动物，采用尼龙袋法测定未发酵甘蔗渣、发酵甘蔗渣1（添加0.3%乳酸杆菌（含量≥10×108CFU/g）青贮发酵的甘蔗渣）和发酵甘蔗2（添加0.3%菌种组合（菌种组合以酿酒酵母菌（含量≥4×108CFU/g）、黑曲霉菌（含量≥2×108CFU/g）、米曲霉菌（含量≥2×108CFU/g）、乳酸杆菌（含量≥2×108CFU/g）按2:1:1:1配制）和0.1%纤维素酶（酶活≥2万IU/g）进行菌酶协同发酵的甘蔗渣）的干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）在瘤胃内的降解率。结果表明：1）干物质基础上，未发酵甘蔗渣和两种发酵甘蔗渣在DM和粗脂肪（EE）水平上差异不显著（P>0.05），而发酵甘蔗渣2的粗纤维（CF）、NDF、ADF和酸性木质素（ADL）水平显著低于未发酵甘蔗渣和发酵甘蔗渣1（P<0.05），三个处理中未发酵甘蔗渣的CF、NDF、ADF和ADL水平最高。2）发酵甘蔗渣2中DM、CP、NDF和ADF的快速降解部分、慢速降解部分、潜在降解部分和有效降解率均显著高于未发酵甘蔗渣和发酵甘蔗渣1（P<0.05）。3)发酵甘蔗渣2的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率分别为25.00%、22.25%、25.66%和24.52%，发酵甘蔗渣1的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率分别为18.76%、14.63%、17.02%和16.20%，未发酵甘蔗渣的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率分别为18.13%、12.90%、16.56%和15.69%。综上：发酵甘蔗渣2在肉牛瘤胃中的有效降解率最高，饲喂价值更高，未发酵甘蔗渣饲喂价值最低。

英文摘要:

      The purpose of the trial was to study the degradation characteristics of different fermented sugarcane bagasses in the rumen of beef cattle . Three simmental hybrid bulls fitted with permanent rumen fistula were selected as test animals, Nylon bag method was used to determine the degradation rate of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral washing fiber (NDF) and acidic washing fiber (ADF) of unfermented sugarcane bagasse, fermented sugarcane bagasse 1 (adding 0.3% Lactobacillus (≥10×108 CFU/g) silage fermentedsugarcane bagasse）and fermented sugarcane bagasse 2 (adding 0.3% strain combination (combined with S. cerevisiae (≥4×108 CFU/g, Aspergillus niger (≥2×108 CFU/g), Aspergillus oryzae (≥2×108 CFU/g), Lactobacillus (≥2×108 CFU / g) as 2:1:1:1) and 0.1% cellulase(enzymatic activity≥2×104 IU/g）fermented sugarcane bagasse）.The results were as follows: 1) Based on dry matter(DM), there was no significant difference in DM and ether extract(EE) among the three sugarcane bagasses(P>0.05) while the crude fiber(CF), neutral washing fiber (NDF ) and acid washing fiber (ADF) of the fermented sugarcane bagasse2 were significantly lower than those of the unfermented bagasse and fermented bagasse 1 (P< 0.05), the levels of CF, NDF, ADF and ADL were highest in the unfermented sugarcane bagesse .2) The rapid degradation, slow degradation, potential degradation and effective degradation rate of DM, CP, NDF and ADF in fermentedsugarcane bagasse 2 were significantly higher than those of the unfermented sugarcane bagasse and fermented sugarcane bagasse 1 (P <0.05).3) The effective degradation rates of the DM, CP, NDF and ADF of the fermented sugarcane bagasse 2 were 25.00%, 22.25%, 25.66% and 24.52% respectively, while the DM, CP, NDF and ADF of the fermented sugarcane bagasse 1 were 18.76%, 14.63%, 17.02% respectively, and the DM, CP, NDF and ADF of the unfermented sugarcane bagasse were 18.13%, 12.90%, 16.56% and 15.69% respectively. In conclusion, fermented sugarcane bagasse 2 had the highest effective degradation rate in the rumen of beef cattle, with higher feeding value and the feeding value of unfermented sugarcane bagasse was lowest.