牛科家养动物催产素（OXT）基因研究进展

Research Progress on oxytocin (OXT) Gene in Domesticated Species of Bovidae

中文关键词: 牛科物种  OXT基因  结构与功能  共翻译机制  动物生产

英文关键词: Bovidae species  OXT gene  Structure and function  Co-translation mechanism  Animal production

中文摘要:

      催产素（oxytocin, OXT）系全球首个被测序并人工合成的9肽神经内分泌激素，能以神经递质和激素两种形式发挥功能。以激素发挥功能时，需要与催产素受体（oxytocin receptor, OXTR）结合形成复合物方可发挥生理功能。OXT存在于机体多个组织器官，具有广泛的生物学功能，尤其在哺乳动物泌乳过程中发挥重要的调控作用。本文综述了牛科物种OXT基因结构及其编码多肽的分子特征、OXT与OXTR间的定位与相互识别过程、OXT调控泌乳过程的机制及其在动物生产中的应用，并对其下一步研究进行了展望，以期为深入解析OXT基因的结构与功能提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Oxytocin (OXT), the first sequenced and synthesized 9-peptide neuroendocrine hormone in the world, functions as both a neurotransmitter and a hormone. When functioning as a hormone, it needs to bind to oxytocin receptor (OXTR) to form a complex in order to exert physiological effects. OXT exists in many tissues and organs of the body and has a wide range of biological functions, especially playing an important regulatory role in mammalian lactation. In order to lay a foundation for in-depth analysis of the structure and function of OXT gene, the structure of OXT gene and molecular characteristics of OXT polypeptide encoded by this gene in Bovidae species, the localization of OXT and OXTR and their mutual recognition process, the mechanism of OXT in regulating lactation, and its application in animal production were reviewed, and its future research was prospected in this paper.