不同蛋白质水平日粮对育肥牦牛血液生化指标及生长性能的影响

Effects of diets with different protein levels on fattening yaks’ blood biochemical indexes and growth performance

中文关键词: 育肥牦牛  蛋白水平  日粮  血液生化  生长性能

英文关键词: fattening yak  protein level  diet  Blood biochemistry  growth performance

中文摘要:

      摘SSSS要：试验以育肥牦牛为研究对象,采用随机分组设计,试验选取了20头状况良好,体重差异小(180±20)kg的牦牛作为实验对象,随机分为2组,每组10头牦牛。让两组牦牛摄入不同蛋白水平日粮(低蛋白日粮组：13%；高蛋白日粮组16%)。研究分析了不同蛋白水平日粮对育肥牦牛血液生化指标、激素水平及生产性能的影响。结果表明：饲喂不同蛋白水平日粮对牦牛的生产性能产生了积极影响,试验组牦牛干物质采食量随日粮蛋白的水平的升高显著下降(P<0.05),试验指标中的的日增重、干物质采食量低蛋白日粮组显著均高于高蛋白日粮组组(P<0.05),高蛋白日粮组的饲料转化率相较低蛋白日粮组显著升高(P<0.05)。相较于低蛋白日粮组,高蛋白日粮组牦牛血液中的血糖(GLU)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CH)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)浓度均显著高于低蛋白日粮组((P<0.05),游离脂肪酸NEFAl高蛋白日粮组均显著高于低蛋白日粮组(P<0.05)。血清中胰岛素(INS)、胰岛素样生长因子1 (IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子2 (IGF-2)的浓度随日粮蛋白水平的升高均有了显著升高,但牦牛血清中生长激素(GH)却随日粮蛋白水平的升高显著降低(P<0.05)。同时,经济效益数据表明低蛋白日粮组增重养殖效益更好,产生的经济利润最高。

英文摘要:

      With fattening yaks as its research object, the designers of the experiment adopt a randomized grouping approach. The experiment sorts out 20 yaks in good condition with a small weight difference of (18±20) kg as its experimental object. Then the 20 yaks are randomly divided into 2 groups, with 10 yaks in each group. Two groups of yaks are fed diets with different protein levels (low protein diet group: 13%; high protein diet group: 16%). Based on the effects of diets with different protein levels on blood biochemical indexes, hormone levels and production performance of fattening yaks, the experiment finds that feeding diets with different protein levels had a positive impact on the production performance of yaks. The dry matter intake of yaks in the test group decreases significantly with the increase of the level of dietary protein (P<0.05), of which, the daily weight gain and dry matter intake in the low protein diet group are significantly higher than those in the high protein diet group (P<0.05), and the feed conversion rate of the high protein diet group is significantly higher than that of the low protein diet group (P<0.05). Compared with the low protein diet group, the blood glucose (GLU), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CH), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations in the high protein diet group are significantly higher than those in the low protein diet group (P<0.05), and the free fatty acid NEFAL high protein diet group are significantly higher than those in the low protein diet group (P<0.05). The concentrations of insulin (INS), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) in serum have increased significantly with the increase of dietary protein level, but the concentrations of growth hormone (GH) in yak serum have decreased significantly with the increase of dietary protein level (P<0.05). At the same time, the economic benefit data shows that the low protein diet group has done well in weight gain and breeding, and received the highest economic profit.