寻甸县肉牛主要疫病病原学监测和防控研究

Investigation and Monitoring of the Main Epidemic Diseases of the Beef Cattle in Xundian County

中文关键词: 昆明市寻甸县，肉牛主要疫病，病原学监测，防治研究

英文关键词: Xundian  County, Kunming  City, major  beef cattle  epidemics, pathogen  monitoring, control  research

中文摘要:

      寻甸县是云南省肉牛养殖大县,据2021年统计,肉牛存栏、出栏数是全省排名第四县区,2020年的活畜交易量达45万头,牛年交易35万头,寻甸县“羊街牛市”已成为中国南方规模最大的活畜交易市场。为履行好寻甸县肉牛科技特派团职责,助力推进寻甸县“一县一业”肉牛产业示范县创建,打造世界一流“绿色食品牌”,推动高原特色农业高质量发展。2021年-2022年云南省寻甸县肉牛科技特派团成员对寻甸县肉牛主要疫病进行系统调查及疫病防治研究,2年来共完成了16个乡(镇)175个肉牛养殖场(户)的现场调查,并随机在全县16个乡镇71个肉牛养殖场(户)、1个屠宰场和1个大牲畜交易市场采集样品3267份,进行了口蹄疫、牛结节性皮肤病、牛蓝舌病、巴氏杆菌病、牛支原体、牛结核分枝杆菌、牛病毒性腹泻、牛传染性鼻气管炎、牛布鲁氏菌病、巴贝斯虫10个病的病原学检测,结果显示：牛结节性皮肤病、蓝舌病病毒、牛巴氏杆菌病、牛支原体、牛结核病、巴贝斯虫病6个病种的病原监测均为阴性；在73个养殖场(户)1394份棉拭子中检出牛病毒性腹泻阳性3份、牛传染性鼻气管炎阳性2份；在29个养殖场(户)899份全血样品中检出牛巴贝斯虫病12份,样品阳性率分别为0.22%,0.14%,1.33%；场阳性率分别为1.37%、1.37%,24.13%。通过2年持续地边监测边排查隐患,精准指导养牛户科学防控疫病、规范使用兽药、强化生物安全等措施,使养殖户掌握了科学养牛和科学防病技术,切实提高肉牛疫病防控和养殖水平,提高肉牛养殖效率和肉牛产品品质。

英文摘要:

      Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County is one of the largest beef cattle breeding counties in the province. According to 2021 statistics, the number of beef cattle in the province ranks fourth, xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County"s "Sheep Street bull market" has become the largest live animal market in southern China. In 2020,450,000 live animals were traded, and 350,000 in the year of the Ox. In order to fulfill the duties of the beef technology mission in Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County, and to promote the establishment of a demonstration county of beef cattle industry in Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County with the aim of creating a world-class "Green Food brand", we will promote high-quality development of plateau-specific agriculture. 2021-2022 members of the Yunnan Beef Science and technology mission to Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County conducted a systematic survey of major beef cattle diseases in Xundian Hui and Yi Autonomous County and a study on their prevention and control, in the past two years, field investigations of 175 beef cattle farms (households) in 16 townships have been completed, 3267 samples were randomly collected from 71 beef cattle farms (households) , 1 slaughterhouse and 1 large livestock market in 16 townships and towns of the county, foot-and-mouth disease, bovine nodular dermatosis, bovine bluetongue disease, pasteurellosis, bovine mycoplasma, bovine mycobacterium tuberculosis, bovine viral diarrhea, bovine infectious rhinotracheitis, bovine brucellosis, bovine babesiosis brucellosis, the results showed that the surveillance of 6 kinds of diseases, including bovine nodular dermatosis, bluetongue virus, bovine pasteurellosis, bovine mycoplasma, bovine tuberculosis and Babesiosis, was negative Of 1394 cotton swabs collected from 73 farms, 3 were positive for bovine viral diarrhea and 2 were positive for bovine infectious rhinotracheitis 12 of 899 whole blood samples from 29 farms were positive for bovine babesiosis, the positive rates were 0.22% , 0.14% , 1.33% , 1.37% , 24.13% , respectively. Through two years of continuous monitoring and screening of hidden dangers, the measures of scientific prevention and control of epidemic diseases, standardized use of veterinary drugs, and enhancement of biological safety, etc. were guided accurately to enable the cattle farmers to master the scientific techniques of raising cattle and scientific prevention of diseases, it can improve the level of prevention and control of epidemic disease and raise the efficiency of raising beef cattle and the quality of beef products.