不同父本冻精杂交甘南牦牛母本围产期疾病发生率分析

Analysis of Incidence of Disease during Perinatal of Yak that Hydrid with Frozen Semen from Different Bull

中文关键词: 牦牛  杂交利用  人工授精  胎衣不下  子宫内膜炎  

英文关键词: Yak  Utilization of hybridization  Artificial insemination  Retention of fetal membrane  Endometritis  

中文摘要:

      [目的] 为提高甘南农牧交错区牦牛生产性能筛选最佳杂交父本。[方法]分别选取荷斯坦奶牛、西门塔尔、安格斯、娟姗牛优质冻精杂交甘南牦牛，比较妊娠牦牛的流产率、难产率，产后胎衣不下、子宫内膜炎症的发生率，产后当年与第二年发情的比率。[结果] 荷斯坦奶牛、西门塔尔冻精人工授精甘南牦牛时，母本妊娠期的流产率和难产率显著高于安格斯、娟姗牛（P < 0.05），荷斯坦奶牛、西门塔尔、安格斯作为父本杂交，母本的产后胎衣不下、子宫内膜炎症发病率显著高于娟姗牛（P < 0.05）。娟姗牛冻精人工授精甘南牦牛，母本产后当年与第二年发情的比率分别为显著高于其他种公牛冻精杂交后母本的发情率，且只有娟姗牛试验组当年发情率高于第二年发情率。[结论] 娟姗牛为父本时，围产期疾病发生率最低，繁育潜能利用率最高，可作为改良甘南牦牛最佳父本。

英文摘要:

      [Objective] In order to select the best breed of bull that could be used to improve the growth performance of Yak in the agro-pastoral region in Gannan. [Methods] The high quality of frozen semen from Holstein dairy, Simmenthal cattle, Angus cattle and Jersey cattle was selected and used to hybrid Gannan yak via artificial insemination. The incidences of abortion in pregnancy, dystocia during parturition, retention of fetal membranes, endometritis, and estrus rate during postpartum were evaluated. [Results] Both incidences of abortion in pregnancy and dystocia during parturition of yak that hybrid by frozen semen from Holstein dairy, Simmenthal cattle were significantly higher than of yak hybrid with Angus cattle and Jersey cattle (P < 0.05). The incidences of retention of fetal membranes, endometritis during postpartum in yak that hybrid with Holstein dairy, Simmenthal cattle and Angus cattle were significantly higher than that of yak hybrid with Jersey cattle (P < 0.05), while estrus rate during postpartum in yak hybrid with Jersey cattle were significantly higher than that of yak hybrid with other cattle. Moreover, the estrus rate in the current year of parturition was higher than that in the second year only found in Jersey cattle group. [Conclusion] The incidence of perinatal diseases was the lowest and the utilization rate of reproductive potential was the highest when the frozen semen obtained from Jersey cattle, which could be used as breed of bull of improved Gannan yak.