母牦牛妊娠后期暖棚补饲对繁殖性能和后代犊牛育肥效果的影响

Effects of reproductive performance of later periods female Yakssupplementary feeding on warm shed and fattening effect of offpring calves

中文关键词: 妊娠后期，暖棚补饲，繁殖性能，育肥效果

英文关键词: later  periods, feeding  on warm  shed, reproductive  performance,

中文摘要:

      为了验证枯草期对母牦牛进行产前和产后7个月补饲对其来年繁殖性能和后代犊牛生长发育的影响，设计了枯草期妊娠母牦牛“产犊前5个月”+“产犊后2个月”暖棚补饲试验，方法是从2020年10月1日开始对试验组和对照组妊娠母牦牛白天放牧，夜间暖棚过夜，但试验组早上出牧前和黄昏归牧后精料补饲，对照组不补饲，试验于2021年4月30日结束，试验期共7个月。试验结果表明：试验组的妊娠母牦牛所产犊牛的繁殖成活率、公母犊牛平均初生重、母牦牛翌年发情时间、受胎率比对照组母牦牛分别高30%、2.94 kg和2.71 kg、40 d、45%，公母犊牛平均初生重差异极显著（P<0.01）。另对两组母牦牛所产后代犊牛进行短期集中育肥效果观测，结果表明：在相同的饲养条件下，试验期内试验组和对照组公、母牛的体重分别增长46.91 kg和41.74 kg、34.47 kg和30.35 kg，验期期内两组公母牛的日增重分别为52.12 g和46.38 g、38.30 g和33.72 g，试验组公母牛的日增重分别比对照组高13.82 g和12.22 g。通过本组试验得出如下结论：如果保证了母牦牛在妊娠期和哺乳前期的营养需要，不仅可以提高其来年繁殖性能，其后代犊牛的生长发育水平远高于不补饲母牦牛后代犊牛，进行育肥效果更明显。

英文摘要:

      In order to verify the effect of feeding female yaks for 7 months before and after birth in the dry season on their reproductive performance in the coming year and the growth and development of their offspring calves,A supplementary feeding experiment was designed for pregnant female yaks in the dry season in the warm shed‘5 months before calving’+‘2 months after calving’.The method is to herd the pregnant female yaks of the test group and the control group in the daytime and stay in the warm shed at night from October 1, 2020, but the test group will be fed with concentrate before grazing in the morning and after returning to grazing at dusk, while the control group will not be fed with concentrate. The test will end on April 30, 2021, and the test period will last for seven months.the results show: The reproductive survival rate of Pregnant Female Yak Calves, the average birth weight of male and female yaks, the estrus time of female Yaks in the next year, and the conception rate of pregnant female Yaks in the test group were 30%, 2.94 kg and 2.71 kg, 45% higher than those in the control group, the average birth weight of male and Female Yak Calves was significantly different (P < 0.01). In addition, the effect of short-term concentrated fattening on the offspring calves of the two groups of female yaks was observed, the results show: Under the same feeding conditions, the body weight of male and female cows in the trial group and the control group increased by 46.91 kg and 41.74 kg, 34.47 kg and 30.35 kg respectively during the trial period, The daily gain of male and female cattle in the test period were 52.12 g and 46.38 g, 38.30 g and 33.72 g, The daily gain of male and female cattle in the test group was 13.82 g and 12.22 g higher than that in the control group, The following conclusions are drawn from this group of tests:If the nutritional requirements of female yaks during pregnancy and early lactation are met, it will not only improve their reproductive performance in the coming year, but also the growth and development level of their offspring calves is much higher than that of their offspring calves without supplementary feeding of female yaks, so the fattening effect is more obvious.