河北省西门塔尔牛体重体尺性状遗传参数分析

Genetic Parameters Analysis for Body Weight and Body Size of Simmental Beef Cattle in Hebei Province

中文关键词: 河北省  西门塔尔牛  体重性状  体尺性状  遗传参数

英文关键词: Hebei Province  Simmental beef cattle  body weight  body size  genetic parameters

中文摘要:

      ［目的］本研究旨在探究河北省西门塔尔牛体重和体尺性状的遗传参数，为育种提供参考。［方法］本研究以2015～2021年河北天和肉牛养殖有限公司266头西门塔尔牛的体重体尺性状为研究材料，包括体重性状及体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围、腹围和管围等6个体尺性状，使用DMU软件采用AI-REML结合EM算法并配合动物模型对体重、体尺性状进行了遗传参数估计。［结果］结果表明：体重、体高、十字部高、体斜长、胸围、腹围和管围的遗传力分别为0.41、0.41、0.45、0.45、0.48、0.31和0.66。体重与体尺之间的遗传相关范围为0.20（体高）~0.79（胸围），表型相关范围为0.14（十字部高）~0.23（胸围）；体尺性状间的遗传相关范围为-0.70（腹围和管围）~0.92（体高和十字部高），表型相关范围为-0.10（腹围和管围）~0.94（体高和十字部高）。［结论］体重与体尺性状均属于高遗传力性状，体重及体尺性状间除管围外其他体尺性状间均呈较强的遗传正相关，在选育过程中加强对这些性状的选育，有利于提高西门塔尔牛的生长发育性能。

英文摘要:

      [Objective] This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of body weight and body size for Simmental beef cattle in Hebei province and to provide a reference for breeding programs. [Method] This study was based on the body weight and size records of 266 Simmental beef cattle in Hebei Tianhe Beef Cattle Breeding Limited Company from 2015 to 2021, which included body weight, body height, hip cross height, body length, chest girth, abdomen circumference, and cannon circumference. [Result] Genetic parameters of body weight and size traits were estimated using AI-REML and EM algorithm of DMU software combined with animal models. The results showed that the heritability estimates of body weight and body size traits were 0.41, 0.41, 0.45, 0.45, 0.48, 0.31, and 0.66, respectively. The genetic correlations between body weight and body size traits ranged from 0.20 (body height) to 0.79 (chest girth), and the phenotypic correlations ranged from 0.14 (hip cross height) to 0.23 (chest girth). The genetic correlations between body size traits ranged from -0.70 (abdomen circumference and cannon circumference) to 0.92 (body height and hip cross height), and the phenotypic correlations ranged from -0.10 (abdomen circumference and cannon circumference) to 0.94(body height and hip cross height). [Conclusion] Body weight and body size traits were high heritability traits, and a strong positive genetic correlation was between body weight and body size traits, except for the cannon circumference. Strengthening the selection and breeding of these traits would help to improve the growth and development performance of Simmental beef cattle.