三维基因组学概述及其在农业生物育种方面的研究进展

An overview of three-dimensional genomics and its research advances in agricultural biological breeding

中文关键词: 三维基因组  三维基因组研究技术  农业生物育种

英文关键词: 3D genomics  3D genomics research techniques  biological breeding

中文摘要:

      真核细胞中染色质以不同层次的三维结构有序的折叠在细胞核中,其空间层次结构对基因的表达调控和细胞发挥正常的生理功能都起着重要的作用,在动物育种方面具有很大潜力,但尚未被完全探索。本文介绍三维基因组的结构单元(染色质疆域、A/B 区室、拓扑关联结构域和染色质环)以及研究三维基因组的主要技术,对三维基因组学在农业中的研究进展和应用前景进行了探讨,旨在深入了解三维基因组学的功能和应用前景,以期为生物育种改良提供部分帮助。

英文摘要:

      The chromosome in eukaryotic cells folds in the nucleus in an orderly manner with different levels of three-dimensional structure, and its spatial hierarchy plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression and the normal physiological function of cells, which has great potential in animal breeding, but has not yet been fully explored. This paper introduces the structural units of the three-dimensional genome (chromatin domain, A/B zone, topological association domain and chromatin ring) and the main technologies for studying the three-dimensional genome, discusses the research progress and application prospects of three-dimensional genomics in agriculture, and aims to gain an in-depth understanding of the functions and application prospects of three-dimensional genomics, with a view to providing partial help for biological breeding and improvement.