种牛精液冷冻和保存效果研究进展

Research Progress on freezing and preservation of breeding cattle semen

中文关键词: 牛精液，冷冻，保存效果，研究进展

英文关键词: Bovine semen, freezing, preservation effect, research progress

中文摘要:

      随着养牛业的高速发展，牛精液液体保存技术的研究也在逐步深入。人工授精技术降低了养殖成本，加速了肉牛的繁殖改良，同时还促进了育种工作的进程，合理有效的使用人工授精技术能够提高牛的饲养效益。与此同时，优良的种牛精液品质也是改良的关键，有实验结果表明：遗传、气候环境、饲养管理等因素会影响牛的精液品质[1],同时强制运动也是决定种牛精液品质的关键环节[2]。合理的精液冷冻与保存不仅能发挥优良的精液品质，同时也为人工授精技术的发展提供保障。本文从牛精液新型冷冻保护剂和损伤修复、牛精液冷冻保存添加剂、牛冷冻精在人工受精中的应用、冷冻保存的发展前景等方面总结了我国牛精液冷冻保存技术的研究和发展，以期对今后种牛精液冷冻和保存技术发展有所帮助、提供参考。

英文摘要:

      With the rapid development of cattle industry, the research on liquid preservation technology of bovine semen is also gradually deepening. Artificial insemination technology not only reduces the breeding cost, accelerates the breeding improvement of beef cattle, but also promotes the process of breeding. The reasonable and effective use of artificial insemination technology can improve the feeding efficiency of cattle.At the same time, the excellent semen quality of breeding cattle is also the key to improvement, and experimental results show that genetics, climatic environment, feeding management and other factors will affect the semen quality of cattle, and forced exercise is also a key link in determining the semen quality of breeding cattle. Reasonable semen freezing and preservation can not only exert excellent semen quality, but also provide protection for the development of artificial insemination technology. This paper summarizes the research and development of bovine semen cryopreservation technology in China from the aspects of new cryoprotectants and damage repair of bovine semen, cryopreservation additives of bovine semen, the application of Bovine Frozen Semen in artificial fertilization and the development prospect of cryopreservation, in order to help and provide reference for the development of bovine semen cryopreservation technology in the future.