利用DHI报表对宁夏某奶牛场生产性能总体情况的分析

Analysis on the general situation of production performance of a dairy farm in Ningxia by using DHI report

中文关键词: DHI报表，奶牛，生产性能，乳脂率，尿素氮

英文关键词: DHI statements,Dairy cow, Production performance,Somatic cell ilk fat

中文摘要:

      DHI测定是奶牛场精细化管理的工具，它不仅反映奶牛的产奶性能，饲养管理与健康水平，还能根据报表信息对奶牛场的育种与繁殖情况进行评价从而改进管理措施，利用好DHI报表信息可以提高奶牛场的技术管理水平和经济效益。本研究通过采集宁夏某奶牛场12个月的DHI报表数据，分析乳脂肪、乳蛋白、尿素氮、体细胞数、泌乳持续力等关键性指标，对该奶牛场的生产性能、经营管理、育种繁殖状况进行综合评定。结果表明：该牛场的泌乳高峰日到达较晚；牛群乳房炎在冬季发生率较高；群体尿素氮含量处于正常范围（10-18mg/dL），对奶牛的繁殖性能影响较小；泌乳持续力较高、奶牛群体平均泌乳天数较长引起的繁殖问题较严重。针对测检和分析中发现的问题,提出了建议的改进措施。

英文摘要:

      DHI measurement has become a fine management tool of dairy farms. It can not only reflect the level of milk production performance, feeding management and health level of dairy cows, but also reflect the breeding and reproduction situation of dairy farms. Through DHI, the technical management level and economic benefits of dairy farms can be improved.By collecting the DHI report data of Ningxia Jinyu Haoxing Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd for 12 months, analyzing the key indexes such as milk fat, milk protein, urea nitrogen, somatic cell number and lactation sustainability, the production performance, operation and management, breeding and reproduction status of the dairy farm were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that the peak day of lactation was late. The incidence of mastitis in cattle is higher in winter. Population urea nitrogen content was within the normal range (10-18mg/dL), which had little effect on the reproductive performance of dairy cows. High lactation duration and long lactation days cause more serious reproductive problems. In view of the problems found in the testing and analysis, the corresponding improvement measures are put forward.