新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场致奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的检测与药敏试验

Detection and drug sensitivity test of main pathogenic bacteria causing cow mastitis in 9 large-scale dairy farms in xinjiang

中文关键词: 乳房炎  金黄色葡萄球菌  大肠杆菌  无乳链球菌

英文关键词: Mastitis  ?Staphylococcus aureus  E. coli  Streptococcus agalactiae

中文摘要:

      奶牛乳房炎是奶牛最常发生的疾病之一，给奶牛养殖业带来了巨大的经济损失。病原菌感染是奶牛乳房炎最主要的病因。目的：为了了解新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场奶牛乳房炎的发病情况和致乳房炎主要病原菌的流行现状。方法：本研究通过对新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场进行现场流行病学调查并结合实验室检查。对新疆部分地区9个规模化奶牛场中临床型乳房炎与隐性乳房炎牛只进行了病原菌的分离鉴定和耐药性分析,应用敏感药物进行了药敏试验。共采集奶样1236份，通过在甘露醇高盐琼脂平板、麦康凯琼脂平板、脱纤维无菌绵羊血琼脂平板上对样品连续划线培养后并结合涂片、染色、镜检中共分离出疑似葡萄球菌742株、革兰氏阴性杆菌531株、链球菌371株。初步判定金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、无乳链球菌等是引起新疆部分地区奶牛乳房炎的主要病原菌。结果：最后通过特异性引物的PCR鉴定结果，最终获得371株金黄色葡萄球菌、297株大肠杆菌、112株无乳链球菌。结论：药敏结果显示这三种病原菌对头孢噻肟、环丙沙星药物高度敏感。可为新疆部分地区奶牛场防治乳房炎的临床用药提供一定的理论依据。

英文摘要:

      Cow mastitis is one of the most common diseases of dairy cows, which has brought huge economic losses to dairy industry. Pathogenic bacteria infection is the most important cause of cow mastitis. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of mastitis and the main pathogenic bacteria in 9 large-scale dairy farms in xinjiang. Methods: The field epidemiological survey and laboratory examination were conducted in 9 large-scale dairy farms in xinjiang. The isolation, identification and drug resistance analysis of pathogenic bacteria were carried out in cattle with clinical mastitis and recessive mastitis in 9 large-scale dairy farms in xinjiang, and drug sensitivity test was carried out with sensitive drugs. A total of 1236 milk samples were collected, and 742 strains of suspected staphylococcus, 531 strains of Gram-negative bacilli and 371 strains of streptococcus were isolated by continuous lineation cμLture on mannitol high-salt AGAR plate, Macconkey AGAR plate and defiber sterile sheep blood AGAR plate combined with smear, staining and microscopy. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and streptococcus agalactiae are the main pathogenic bacteria causing mastitis in some areas of Xinjiang. ResμLts: 371 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 297 strains of Escherichia coli and 112 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae were identified by PCR with specific primers. Conclusion: The resμLts of drug sensitivity showed that the three pathogens were highly sensitive to cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin. It can provide a theoretical basis for the clinical medication of preventing mastitis in dairy farms in some areas of Xinjiang.