三种添加剂对秦川肉牛瘤胃降解率及血液生化指标的影响

Effects of active yeast culture, compound enzyme and compound probiotics on rumen degradation rate and blood biochemical indexes of Qinchuan beef cattle

中文关键词: 活性酵母培养物  复合酶制剂  复合益生菌制剂  瘤胃降解  血液生化指标

英文关键词: active yeast culture  compound enzyme preparation  compound probiotics preparation  rumen degradation  blood biochemical index

中文摘要:

      本试验旨在研究活性酵母培养物、复合酶制剂、复合益生菌三种添加剂对10种非常规饲料(柠条、构树叶、油菜杆、猕猴桃叶、马铃薯秧、红薯秧、白菜秧、白萝卜、白萝卜秧)干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)降解能力、瘤胃发酵参数以及血液生化指标的影响。选用4头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管、体况良好、体重相近的秦川牛肉用新品系(简称“秦川肉牛”),采用尼龙袋法测定10种饲料的DM、CP、NDF、ADF瘤胃降解规律。分别为设立为对照组(基础日粮)、试验Ⅰ组(基础日粮+活性酵母培养物1.5 g/kg精料)、试验Ⅱ组(基础日粮+复合酶制剂1 g/kg精料)、试验Ⅲ组(基础日粮+复合益生菌制剂2 g/kg精料)四组(即四个阶段)。饲喂期22 d,每个试验组之间过渡期10 d,于每个试验饲喂阶段的第15 d进行尼龙袋试验,20 d-22 d连续3d进行瘤胃液采样、颈静脉采血,并进行相关指标的测定分析。结果表明：1)添加适量活性酵母培养物可以显著提高构树叶DM与CP、柠条的DM、马铃薯秧和红薯秧NDF,柠条和白萝卜ADF的ED值(P＜0.05)；添加适量的复合酶制剂可以显著提高柠条DM、ADF,构树叶CP、DM、NDF和红薯秧CP、NDF的ED值(P＜0.05)；2)活性酵母培养物、复合酶制剂、复合益生菌制剂均有显著提高瘤胃pH值、总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度的作用(P＜0.05)；3)活性酵母培养物、复合酶制剂、复合益生菌制剂均显著提高提高机体总蛋白TP值(P＜0.05),但对总胆固醇TC、甘油三酯TG、血肌酐CREA、尿素氮UREA、血尿酸UA、葡萄糖GLU、天门冬氨基酸转移酶AST (U/L)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶ALT(U/L)没有明显影响(P＞0.05)。本试验所使用的三种添加剂均能提高秦川肉牛瘤胃发酵能力、免疫力且对机体生理功能无不良影响。本研究为在肉牛饲粮中使用添加剂提供数据参考和理论支撑。

英文摘要:

      The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of three additives, active yeast culture, compound enzyme preparation and compound probiotics, on the dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral washing fiber (NDF), acid washing fiber (ADF) degradation ability, rumen fermentation parameters and blood biochemical indexes of 10 kinds of unconventional feed (Caragana korshinskii, structure leaf, rape rod, kiwifruit leaf, potato seedling, sweet potato seedling, cabbage seedling,. Four beef cattle with permanent rumen fistula were used to determine the DM、CP、NDF、AD of 10 kinds of feed by nylon bag method F rumen degradation law. They were set up as control group (basic diet), test group I (basic diet active yeast culture 1.5 g/kg concentrate), test group II (basic diet compound enzyme preparation 1 g/kg concentrate), test group III (basic diet compound probiotics preparation 2 g/kg concentrate) four groups (that is, four stages). Feeding d,22 10 d, transition period per trial group nylon bag test at d 15 of each trial feeding stage, 20 d-22 d ruminal fluid sampling, jugular vein blood sampling, and the determination and analysis of related indicators. The results show:(1) Adding proper amount of active yeast culture could significantly improve the NDF、DM of potato and sweet potato seedlings with DM leaves and Caragana korshinskii ED value ADF Caragana korshinskii and radish (P<0.05); Adding proper amount of compound enzyme preparation can significantly improve the DM、ADF, of Caragana korshinskii The ED value of leaf CP、DM、NDF and sweet potato seedling CP、NDF (P<0.05); 2) active yeast culture, compound enzyme preparation, compound probiotic preparation have the effect of increasing rumen pH value, total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration (P<0.05); 3) active yeast culture Health products, compound enzyme preparation, compound probiotics preparation significantly increased the total body protein value (P<0.05), There was no significant effect on total cholesterol TC、triglyceride TG、serum creatinine CREA、urea nitrogen, serum uric acid UA、glucose GLU、 aspartate aminotransferase AST (U/L), alanine aminotransferase (U/L)(P>0.05). The three additives used in this experiment have improved rumen fermentation ability, immunity and no adverse effect on physiological function of Qinchuan beef cattle. This study provides data reference for the use of additives in beef cattle feeding And theoretical support.