德国弗莱维赫（Fleckvieh）牛和本地牛杂交F1代母牛生长发育性状测定及分析

Determination and Analysis of Growth and Development Traits of F1 Cows Crossed between Fleckvieh and Native Cows in Germany

中文关键词: 德国弗莱维赫(Fleckvieh)牛  本地牛  杂交F1代育成母牛  生长发育性状

英文关键词: German Fleckvieh cattle  native cow  F1 hybrid cow  growth and development trait

中文摘要:

      试验目的，为了研究德国弗莱维赫（Fleckvieh）牛与本地母牛杂交F1代育成母牛生长发育性状和生长发育规律，为培育北大荒乳肉兼用牛品种，开展选育提高奠定基础。试验方法，采用各批次测定体重校正到统一月龄，测定了其初生、4月龄（断奶）、12月龄及18月龄4个阶段的体重、体尺，并对各阶段表型值比较分析。试验结果，德国弗莱维赫（Fleckvieh）牛与本地母牛杂交F1代母牛平均日增重、胸围和体斜长性状，在初生~4月龄断奶阶段生长发育最快；从4月龄断奶至18月龄，与纯种德国弗莱维赫种公牛与澳系（澳大利亚）西门塔尔母牛杂交后代相比，在体重和体尺上有一定差异。试验结论，需要不断地改良，以提高后代的生长发育性状，进一步提高生产性能。

英文摘要:

      [Objective] By studying the growth and development characters and laws of F1 hybrid cows between German Fleckvieh cattle and Native cows, it lays a foundation for the cultivation and breeding improvement of Great Northern Wilderness (in Northeast China) dual-purpose cattle. [Method] The body weight and size data of F1 generation cows at newly-born stage, 4 months (weaning), 12 months and 18 months were compared and analyzed by using phenotypic values. [Result] The average daily gain, chest circumference and body length of F1 hybrid cows between German Fleckvieh cattle and Native cows grew fastest from newborn to 4 months of age; From the age of 4 months weaning to 18 months, there were some differences in body weight and body size compared with the offspring of pure German Fleivich bulls and Australian Simmental cows. [Conclusion] Continuous improvement is needed to improve the growth and development characteristics of offspring and further improve production performance.