西门塔尔肉牛冻胚和鲜胚移植效果调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Transplantation Effects of Frozen and Fresh Embryos in Simmental Beef Cattle

中文关键词: 肉牛  鲜胚  冻胚  移植效果

英文关键词: beef cattle  fresh embryo  frozen embryo  transplantation effect

中文摘要:

      为解决甘肃武威市肉牛核心群数量少、良种扩繁效率低、优质种源供给不足等问题，2023-2025 年，开展了西门塔尔肉牛鲜胚移植和冷冻胚胎移植工作。结果显示，2023 年引进的西门塔尔牛 A 级冷冻胚胎，移植妊娠率 48.98%（24/49），产犊率 42.86%（21/49）。2024 年采用自制体外鲜胚移植 3 批，妊娠率在 50%~55%，平均为 53.13%（17/32），产犊率 50.00%（16/32）；自制体外冻胚移植妊娠率 44.66%（46/103），产犊率 34.95%（36/103）。2025 年生产体内胚 1 批，其中自制鲜胚移植妊娠率 58.97%（46/78），产犊率 53.85%（42/78）；冻胚移植妊娠率 46.77%（29/62），产犊率 41.94%（26/62）。经检验，鲜胚移植产犊率显著高于冻胚（P≤0.05），引进冻胚与自制体内冻胚移植产犊率差异不显著（P>0.05）。

英文摘要:

      To address the issues of a small core group of beef cattle, low efficiency in the expansion of superior breeds, and insufficient supply of high-quality breeding sources in Wuwei City, Gansu Province, the fresh embryo transfer and frozen embryo transfer of Simmental beef cattle were carried out from 2023 to 2025. The results showed that in 2023, the pregnancy rate of grade A frozen embryos of Simmental cattle introduced was 48.98% (24/49), and the calving rate was 42.86% (21/49). In 2024, three batches of self-made fresh embryos were transferred in vitro, with a pregnancy rate ranging from 50% to 55%, an average of 53.13% (17/32), and a calving rate of 50.00% (16/32). The pregnancy rate of in vitro frozen embryos was 44.66% (46/103), and the calving rate was 34.95% (36/103). In 2025, one batch of in vivo embryos was produced, among which the pregnancy rate of self-made fresh embryos transplantation was 58.97% (46/78), and the calving rate was 53.85% (42/78). The pregnancy rate of frozen embryo transfer was 46.77% (29/62), and the calving rate was 41.94% (26/62). The test results indicated that the calving rate of fresh embryo transfer was significantly higher than that of frozen embryo transfer (P≤0.05), and there was no significant difference in the calving rate between the introduced frozen embryos and self-made in vitro frozen embryos transfer (P>0.05).